Standards and references
The methods in these tools follow the standards below. This page says which standard covers which topic; it does not reproduce their content. Buy the standards from the publisher (AIAG, VDA QMC, ISO or your national standards body) for the full requirements.
AIAG SPC (Statistical Process Control), 2nd ed.
Control charts, capability and performance indices, Nelson / Western Electric rules.
process capabilityattribute control chartscapability summary
AIAG MSA (Measurement Systems Analysis), 4th ed.
Gage R&R (ANOVA and average and range), bias, linearity, stability, attribute agreement. The reference example used in our validation comes from this manual.
AIAG PPAP, 4th ed.
Production part approval: initial process studies (Ppk ≥ 1.67), MSA, control plan and the other submission elements.
AIAG APQP and Control Plan
Advanced product quality planning, control plan structure and phases.
AIAG-VDA FMEA Handbook (2019)
Seven-step FMEA approach and the action priority (AP) table that replaces the RPN.
VDA volume 4
Quality assurance in the process landscape, including machine capability Cm / Cmk.
VDA volume 5
Capability of measurement processes: type 1 study (Cg / Cgk), measurement uncertainty.
ISO 22514 series
Statistical methods in process management, capability and performance. Part 2 covers time-dependent process models and the percentile method for non-normal data.
ISO 7870 series
Control charts: Shewhart charts (part 2), EWMA (part 6), CUSUM (part 4).
ISO 2859-1 / ANSI Z1.4
Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes, AQL-indexed plans.